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MOTOROLA
Freescale SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA Semiconductor, Inc.
Order Number: MPC9447/D Rev 2, 04/2003
3.3V/2.5V 1:9 LVCMOS Clock Fanout Buffer
The MPC9447 is a 3.3V or 2.5V compatible, 1:9 clock fanout buffer targeted for high performance clock tree applications. With output frequencies up to 350 MHz and output skews less than 150 ps, the device meets the needs of most demanding clock applications.
MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
* * * * *
Features 9 LVCMOS Compatible Clock Outputs 2 Selectable, LVCMOS Compatible Inputs Maximum Clock Frequency of 350 MHz Maximum Clock Skew of 150 ps
LOW VOLTAGE 3.3 V/2.5 V LVCMOS 1:9 CLOCK FANOUT BUFFER
Synchronous Output Stop in Logic Low State Eliminates Output Runt Pulses * High--Impedance Output Control
* * * * *
3.3V or 2.5V Power Supply Drives up to 18 Series Terminated Clock Lines Ambient Temperature Range --40_C to +85_C 32 Lead LQFP Packaging
FA SUFFIX 32--LEAD LQFP PACKAGE CASE 873A
Supports Clock Distribution in Networking, Telecommunications, and Computer Applications * Pin and Function Compatible to MPC947
Functional Description MPC9447 is specifically designed to distribute LVCMOS compatible clock signals up to a frequency of 350 MHz. Each output provides a precise copy of the input signal with a near zero skew. The outputs buffers support driving of 50 terminated transmission lines on the incident edge: each is capable of driving either one parallel terminated or two series terminated transmission lines. Two selectable independent LVCMOS compatible clock inputs are available, providing support of redundant clock source systems. The MPC9447 CLK_STOP control is synchronous to the falling edge of the input clock. It allows the start and stop of the output clock signal only in a logic low state, thus eliminating potential output runt pulses. Applying the OE control will force the outputs into high--impedance mode. All inputs have an internal pull--up or pull--down resistor preventing unused and open inputs from floating. The device supports a 2.5V or 3.3V power supply and an ambient temperature range of --40_C to +85_C. The MPC9447 is pin and function compatible but performance--enhanced to the MPC947.
(c) Motorola, Inc. 2003
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MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
GND GND GND 17 16 15 14 GND Q6 VCC Q7 GND Q8 VCC GND 13 12 11 10 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GND 1 CLK1 input selected Outputs enabled Outputs active Condition Per output Inputs VCC VCC 18 Unit V V V mA 10 4.0 pF pF VCC Q3 Q4 Q5 19 OE
Q0 CCLK0 CCLK1 VCC CLK_SEL VCC CLK_STOP SYNC Q4 Q5 0 1 CLK STOP 24 Q1 GND Q2 Q3 Q2 VCC Q1 GND Q0 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 23 22 21 20
MPC9447
Q6 VCC Q7 GND
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VCC (all input resistors have a value of 25k) OE
Q8 CLK_SEL CLK_STOP GND CCLK0 CCLK1
Figure 1. Logic Diagram
Figure 2. 32-Lead Pinout (Top View)
Table 1. Function Table
Control CLK_SEL OE CLK_STOP Default 1 1 1 CLK0 input selected Outputs disabled (high--impedance state)a Outputs synchronously stopped in logic low state 0
a. OE = 0 will high--impedance tristate all outputs independent on CLK_STOP
Table 2. Pin Configuration
Pin CCLK0 CCLK1 CLK_SEL CLK_STOP OE Q0--8 GND VCC I/O Input Input Input Input Input Output Supply Supply Type LVCMOS LVCMOS LVCMOS LVCMOS LVCMOS LVCMOS Ground VCC Clock signal input Alternative clock signal input Clock input select Clock output enable/disable Output enable/disable (high--impedance tristate) Clock outputs Negative power supply (GND) Positive power supply for I/O and core. All VCC pins must be connected to the positive power supply for correct operation Function
Table 3. General Specifications
Symbol VTT MM HBM LU CPD CIN Characteristics Output termination voltage ESD protection (Machine model) ESD protection (Human body model) Latch-up immunity Power dissipation capacitance Input capacitance 200 2000 200 Min Typ VCC / 2 Max
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Table 4. Absolute Maximum Ratingsa
Symbol VCC VIN VOUT IIN IOUT TS Supply Voltage DC Input Voltage DC Output Voltage DC Input Current DC Output Current Storage temperature -65 Characteristics Min -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 Max 3.9 VCC + 0.3 VCC + 0.3 20 50 125 Unit V V V mA mA C
MPC9447
Condition
a. Absolute maximum continuous ratings are those maximum values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Exposure to these conditions or conditions beyond those indicated may adversely affect device reliability. Functional operation at absolute-maximum-rated conditions is not implied.
Table 5. DC Characteristics (VCC = 3.3V 5%, TA = 40C to +85C)
Symbol Characteristics Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Output Impedance Input Currentb Maximum Quiescent Supply Currentc 17 300 2.0 Min 2.0 --0.3 2.4 0.55 0.30 Typ Max VCC + 0.3 0.8 Unit V V V V V A mA VIN = VCC or GND All VCC Pins Condition LVCMOS LVCMOS IOH = -24 mAa IOL = 24 mA IOL = 12 mA
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VIH VIL VOH VOL ZOUT IIN ICCQ
a. The MPC9447 is capable of driving 50 transmission lines on the incident edge. Each output drives one 50 parallel terminated transmission line to a termination voltage of VTT. Alternatively, the device drives up to two 50 series terminated transmission lines (for VCC=3.3V). b. Inputs have pull-down or pull-up resistors affecting the input current. c. ICCQ is the DC current consumption of the device with all outputs open and the input in its default state or open.
Table 6. AC Characteristics (VCC = 3.3V 5%, TA = --40C to +85C)a
Symbol fref fmax fP,REF tr, tf tPLH/HL tPLZ, HZ tPZL, ZH tS tH tsk(O) tsk(PP) tSK(P) DCQ tr, tf tJIT(CC) Input Frequency Output Frequency Reference Input Pulse Width CCLK0, CCLK1 Input Rise/Fall Time Propagation Delay Output Disable Time Output Enable Time Setup Time Hold Time Output-to-Output Skew Device-to-Device Skew Output Pulse Skewd Output Duty Cycle Output Rise/Fall Time Cycle-to-cycle jitter RMS (1 ) fQ<170 MHz 45 0.1 TBD 50 CCLK0 or CCLK1 to CLK_STOPc CCLK0 or CCLK1 to CLK_STOPc 0.0 1.0 150 2.0 300 55 1.0 CCLK0 or CCLK1 to any Q 1.3 5Characteristics Min 0 0 1.4 1.0b 3.3 11 11 Typ Max 350 350 Unit MHz MHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ps ns ps % ns ps DCREF = 50% 0.55 to 2.4V 0.8 to 2.0V Condition
a. AC characteristics apply for parallel output termination of 50 to VTT. b. Violation of the 1.0 ns maximum input rise and fall time limit will affect the device propagation delay, device-to-device skew, reference input pulse width, output duty cycle and maximum frequency specifications. c. Setup and hold times are referenced to the falling edge of the selected clock signal input. d. Output pulse skew is the absolute difference of the propagation delay times: | tPLH - tPHL |.
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MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table 7. DC Characteristics (VCC = 2.5V 5%, TA = --40C to +85C)
Symbol VIH VIL VOH VOL ZOUT IIN ICCQ Characteristics Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Output Impedance Input Currentb Maximum Quiescent Supply Currentc 19 300 2.0 Min 1.7 -0.3 1.8 0.6 Typ Max VCC + 0.3 0.7 Unit V V V V A mA VIN = VCC or GND All VCC Pins Condition LVCMOS LVCMOS IOH =-15 mAa IOL = 15 mA
a. The MPC9447 is capable of driving 50 transmission lines on the incident edge. Each output drives one 50 parallel terminated transmission line to a termination voltage of VTT. Alternatively, the device drives one 50 series terminated transmission lines per output (VCC=2.5V). b. Inputs have pull-down or pull-up resistors affecting the input current. c. ICCQ is the DC current consumption of the device with all outputs open and the input in its default state or open.
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Table 8. AC Characteristics (VCC = 2.5V 5%, TA = --40C to +85C)a
Symbol fref fmax fP,REF tr, tf tPLH/HL tPLZ, HZ tPZL, ZH tS tH tsk(O) tsk(PP) tSK(P) DCQ tr, tf tJIT(CC) Input Frequency Output frequency Reference Input Pulse Width CCLK0, CCLK1 Input Rise/Fall Time Propagation Delay Output Disable Time Output Enable Time Setup Time Hold Time Output-to-Output Skew Device-to-Device Skew Ouput Pulse Skewd Output Duty Cycle Output Rise/Fall Time Cycle-to-cycle jitter RMS (1 ) fQ<350 MHz 45 0.1 TBD 50 CCLK0 or CCLK1 to CLK_STOPc CCLK0 or CCLK1 to CLK_STOPc 0.0 1.0 150 2.7 200 55 1.0 CCLK0 or CCLK1 to any Q 1.7 Characteristics Min 0 0 1.4 1.0b 4.4 11 11 Typ Max 350 350 Unit MHz MHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ps ns ps % ns ps DCREF = 50% 0.6 to 1.8V 0.7 to 1.7V Condition
a. AC characteristics apply for parallel output termination of 50 to VTT. b. Violation of the 1.0 ns maximum input rise and fall time limit will affect the device propagation delay, device-to-device skew, reference input pulse width, output duty cycle and maximum frequency specifications. c. Setup and hold times are referenced to the falling edge of the selected clock signal input. d. Output pulse skew is the absolute difference of the propagation delay times: | tPLH - tPHL |.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
Figure 3. Output Clock Stop (CLK_STOP) Timing Diagram
CCLK0 or CCLK1 CLK_STOP VOLTAGE (V) Q0 to Q8 3.0 2.5 2.0 In 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 2 4 6 8 TIME (nS) 10 OutA tD = 3.8956 OutB tD = 3.9386
MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Driving Transmission Lines The MPC9447 clock driver was designed to drive high speed signals in a terminated transmission line environment. To provide the optimum flexibility to the user, the output drivers were designed to exhibit the lowest impedance possible. With an output impedance of 17 (VCC=3.3V), the outputs can drive either parallel or series terminated transmission lines. For more information on transmission lines, the reader is referred to Motorola application note AN1091. In most high performance clock networks, point--to--point distribution of signals is the method of choice. In a point--to--point scheme, either series terminated or parallel terminated transmission lines can be used. The parallel technique terminates the signal at the end of the line with a 50 resistance to VCC/2.
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Figure 5. Single versus Dual Line Termination Waveforms The waveform plots in Figure 5 "Single versus Dual Line Termination Waveforms" show the simulation results of an output driving a single line versus two lines. In both cases, the drive capability of the MPC9447 output buffer is more than sufficient to drive 50 transmission lines on the incident edge. Note from the delay measurements in the simulations a delta of only 43ps exists between the two differently loaded outputs. This suggests that the dual line driving need not be used exclusively to maintain the tight output--to--output skew of the MPC9447. The output waveform in Figure 5 "Single versus Dual Line Termination Waveforms" shows a step in the waveform; this step is caused by the impedance mismatch seen looking into the driver. The parallel combination of the 33 series resistor plus the output impedance does not match the parallel combination of the line impedances. The voltage wave launched down the two lines will equal: VL Z0 RS R0 VL = VS ( Z0 / (RS+R0 +Z0)) = 50 || 50 = 33 || 33 = 17 = 3.0 ( 25 / (16.5+17+25) = 1.28V
MPC9447 OUTPUT BUFFER IN
17
RS = 33
ZO = 50 OutA
MPC9447 OUTPUT BUFFER IN
17
RS = 33
ZO = 50 OutB0 ZO = 50 OutB1
RS = 33
Figure 4. Single versus Dual Transmission Lines This technique draws a fairly high level of DC current and thus only a single terminated line can be driven by each output of the MPC9447 clock driver. For the series terminated case, however, there is no DC current draw; thus, the outputs can drive multiple series terminated lines. Figure 4 "Single versus Dual Transmission Lines" illustrates an output driving a single series terminated line versus two series terminated lines in parallel. When taken to its extreme, the fanout of the MPC9447 clock driver is effectively doubled due to its capability to drive multiple lines at VCC=3.3V.
At the load end the voltage will double, due to the near unity reflection coefficient, to 2.5V. It will then increment towards the quiescent 3.0V in steps separated by one round trip delay (in this case 4.0ns). Since this step is well above the threshold region it will not cause any false clock triggering; however, designers may be uncomfortable with unwanted reflections on the line. To better match the impedances when driving multiple lines, the situation in Figure 6 "Optimized Dual Line Termination" should be used. In this case, the series terminating resistors
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MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
are reduced such that when the parallel combination is added to the output buffer impedance the line impedance is perfectly matched.
MPC9447 OUTPUT BUFFER
17
RS = 16
ZO = 50
RS = 16
ZO = 50
17 + 16 k 16 = 50 k 50 25 = 25 Figure 6. Optimized Dual Line Termination
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The Following Figures Illustrate the Measurement Reference for the MPC9447 Clock Driver Circuit
MPC9447 DUT Pulse Generator Z = 50 ZO = 50 ZO = 50
RT = 50 VTT
RT = 50 VTT
Figure 7. CCLK MPC9447 AC Test Reference for Vcc = 3.3V and Vcc = 2.5V
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CCLK VCC VCC/2 GND QX tP(LH) tP(HL) VCC VCC/2 GND
MPC9447
Figure 8. Propagation Delay (tPD) Test Reference
VCC VCC/2 GND VCC CCLK VCC/2 GND QX tP(LH) tP(HL) tSK(P) = | tPLH -- tPHL | VCC VCC/2 GND
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VCC VCC/2 GND tSK(LH) tSK(HL)
The pin--to--pin skew is defined as the worst case difference in propagation delay between any similar delay path within a single device
Figure 9. Output- -Output Skew tSK(LH, HL) -to-
Figure 10. Output Pulse Skew (tSK(P)) Test Reference
VCC VCC/2 GND tP T0 DC = (tP T0 x 100%) The time from the output controlled edge to the non--controlled edge, divided by the time between output controlled edges, expressed as a percentage tF tR VCC=3.3V 2.4 0.55 VCC=2.5V 1.8V 0.6V
Figure 11. Output Duty Cycle (DC)
Figure 12. Output Transition Time Test Reference
VCC CCLK PCLK TJIT(CC) = |TN - TN+1 | VCC/2 GND VCC VCC/2 GND tS tH
TN
TN+1
CLK_STOP
The variation in cycle time of a signal between adjacent cycles, over a random sample of adjacent cycle pairs
Figure 13. Cycle- -Cycle Jitter -to-
Figure 14. Setup and Hold Time (tS, tH) Test Reference
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MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
FA SUFFIX LQFP PACKAGE CASE 873A--03 ISSUE B
4X
D1
PIN 1 INDEX
6
0.20 H A--B D e/2
25
D1/2
32
3
A, B, D
1
E1/2 A 6 E1
B E
DETAIL G 8 17
F 4 F E/2 DETAIL G
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2. INTERPRET DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 3. DATUMS A, B, AND D TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H. 4. DIMENSIONS D AND E TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE C. 5. DIMENSION b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED THE MAXIMUM b DIMENSION BY MORE THAN 0.08--mm. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD OR PROTRUSION: 0.07--mm. 6. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25--mm PER SIDE. D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE DIMENSIONS INCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. 7. EXACT SHAPE OF EACH CORNER IS OPTIONAL. 8. THESE DIMENSIONS APPLY TO THE FLAT SECTION OF THE LEAD BETWEEN 0.1--mm AND 0.25--mm FROM THE LEAD TIP.
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7
9
D D 4
D/2
4X
0.20 C A--B D
H
SEATING PLANE
28X
e
32X
0.1 C
C
DETAIL AD
PLATING BASE METAL
b1 c b R R2 R R1 A A2 0.25
GAUGE PLANE
c1 5 8
DIM A A1 A2 b b1 c c1 D D1 e E E1 L L1 1 R1 R2 S
8X
( 1_)
0.20
M
C A--B D
SECTION F-F
A1
(S) (L1) DETAIL AD
L
_
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 1.40 1.60 0.05 0.15 1.35 1.45 0.30 0.45 0.30 0.40 0.09 0.20 0.09 0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.80 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.50 0.70 1.00 REF 0_ 7_ 12 _REF 0.08 0.20 0.08 -----0.20 REF
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MPC9447
NOTES
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MPC9447
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
NOTES
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MPC9447
NOTES
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MPC9447
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